{"id":17309,"date":"2022-02-22T11:08:34","date_gmt":"2022-02-22T11:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mediacritica.md\/?p=17309"},"modified":"2022-03-10T07:39:42","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T07:39:42","slug":"criza-din-ucraina-vazuta-prin-lentilele-ntv-si-rtr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/ro\/criza-din-ucraina-vazuta-prin-lentilele-ntv-si-rtr\/","title":{"rendered":"Criza din Ucraina, v\u0103zut\u0103 prin lentilele NTV \u0219i RTR"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Comunitatea interna\u021bional\u0103 a fost \u0219i este \u00een ultimele s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni cu ochii \u00eendrepta\u021bi spre Ucraina. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd din cauza \u00eengrijor\u0103rilor legate de un eventual atac al Federa\u021biei Ruse asupra \u021b\u0103rii vecine. Autorit\u0103\u021bile de la Moscova <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/satellite-images-show-troop-deployment-belarus-border-with-ukraine-ahead-russian-2022-02-06\/\">au concentrat masiv<\/a> trupe la grani\u021bele cu Ucraina, sporind astfel temerile legate de o posibil\u0103 invazie. Rusia, prin vocea pre\u0219edintelui Vladimir Putin, a declarat c\u0103 nu planific\u0103 trecerea hotarului ucrainean \u0219i c\u0103 \u021bara sa \u00ee\u0219i poate pozi\u021biona trupele oriunde dore\u0219te pe propriul teritoriu, \u00eens\u0103 a amenin\u021bat cu o ripost\u0103 dac\u0103 Occidentul nu va r\u0103spunde cerin\u021belor sale de securitate, inclusiv promisiunea de a nu primi Ucraina \u00een NATO \u0219i retragerea militarilor din estul Europei. Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103 a <a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20220118\/minsk-1768329067.html\">motivat masarea<\/a> de trupe prin preg\u0103tirea exerci\u021biilor comune pe care le-a efectuat \u00een colaborare cu Belarus, \u00eentre 10 \u0219i 20 februarie. \u00cen timp ce Moscova a anun\u021bat retragerea unor contingente militare de la grani\u021ba cu Ucraina, autorit\u0103\u021bile de la Kiev relatau, la 17 februarie, c\u0103 \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 o <a href=\"https:\/\/moldova.europalibera.org\/a\/ucraina-raporteaz%C4%83-o-cre%C8%99tere-a-num%C4%83rului-de-%C3%AEnc%C4%83lc%C4%83ri-ale-armisti%C8%9Biului-%C3%AEn-timp-ce-sua-afirm%C4%83-c%C4%83-rusia-este-pe-calea-r%C4%83zboiului-\/31709678.html\">cre\u0219tere brusc\u0103<\/a> a num\u0103rului de \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103ri ale acordului de \u00eencetare a focului de c\u0103tre separati\u0219tii sus\u021binu\u021bi de Rusia \u00een estul \u021b\u0103rii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Punctul culminant <u>a fost atins \u00een seara<\/u> zilei de 21 februarie, c\u00e2nd pre\u0219edintele rus Vladimir Putin a spus c\u0103 recunoa\u0219te entit\u0103\u021bile separatiste ce controleaz\u0103 por\u021biuni din estul Ucrainei drept \u021b\u0103ri independente \u0219i a semnat rapid un decret ce a oficializat acest fapt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Care este riscul pentru Republica Moldova?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen regiunea transnistrean\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii, necontrolat\u0103 oficial de Chi\u0219in\u0103u, sta\u021bioneaz\u0103 trupe ale Federa\u021biei Ruse. Prin urmare, un eventual conflict armat ar avea repercusiuni inclusiv asupra Republicii Moldova. De asemenea, \u021bara r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een continuare \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 dependent\u0103 energetic de Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103, ceea ce ar putea duce la o criz\u0103 profund\u0103 pentru cet\u0103\u021benii moldoveni \u00een cazul unui eventual r\u0103zboi \u00eentre Ucraina \u0219i Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103. Pe fondul escalad\u0103rii crizei ucrainene, pre\u0219edinta Republicii Moldova, Maia Sandu, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4rmPPg9ydTY\">\u0219i-a exprimat<\/a> solidaritatea cu \u201e\u021bara vecin\u0103 prieten\u0103\u201d. Autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene au spus c\u0103 sunt gata, la nevoie, s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 refugia\u021bi din Ucraina, ghid\u00e2ndu-se de experien\u021ba conflictului armat din estul Ucrainei, din 2014, \u00een regiunile Done\u021bk \u0219i Luhansk. Datele <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/refugee-statisti\">cu care opereaz\u0103<\/a> Agen\u021bia ONU pentru Refugia\u021bi arat\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een acel an, 134 de cet\u0103\u021beni ucraineni au cerut azil \u00een Republica Moldova. Anul urm\u0103tor, \u00een 2015, au fost \u00eenregistrate 123 de cereri.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen contextul evenimentelor din \u021bara vecin\u0103, fluxul \u0219tirilor despre ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 la grani\u021bele ucrainene a fost unul masiv, greu de analizat pentru profesioni\u0219tii din domeniu, nemaivorbind de spectatorii obi\u0219nui\u021bi. Un sondaj realizat de CBS Research \u0219i IDIS Viitorul, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.infotag.md\/politics-ro\/297177\/\">dat publicit\u0103\u021bii<\/a> pe 8 februarie, ar\u0103ta c\u0103 37,9% dintre responden\u021bi consider\u0103 scenariul unui conflict real probabil sau foarte probabil, 27,2% \u00eel consider\u0103 improbabil, iar 19,6% &#8211; greu posibil. Deci, patru din zece cet\u0103\u021beni moldoveni, potrivit sondajului, admit escaladarea unui conflict \u00een \u021bara vecin\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00cengrijor\u0103rile occidentale, \u201eanalizate\u201d la NTV \u0219i RTR<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cel pu\u021bin dou\u0103 posturi de televiziune \u2013 NTV \u0219i RTR \u2013 au abordat consistent subiectul crizei din Ucraina \u00een cadrul emisiunilor de sintez\u0103 de la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nii trecute. E vorba de emisiunea \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YZookiQdVi0\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/a>\u201d <strong>(<em>din rus\u0103, \u201eTotalurile s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nii cu Iraida Zeinalova\u201d)<\/em><\/strong>, retransmis\u0103 de NTV Moldova, \u0219i \u201e\u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c\u201d <strong><em>(\u201e\u0218tirile s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nii cu Dmitri Kiseleov\u201d)<\/em><\/strong>, retransmis\u0103 de RTR Moldova. Le-am analizat pe ambele din perspectiva unui consumator media: ce concluzii pot fi trase \u0219i, mai ales, cu ce senza\u021bie r\u0103m\u00e2ne telespectatorul dup\u0103 ce le urm\u0103re\u0219te?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cel pu\u021bin trei tehnici de manipulare am identificat \u00een cadrul acestor emisiuni de sintez\u0103: tehnica \u201eimaginii du\u0219manului\u201d, capcana imaginilor video \u0219i amestecul dintre fapte \u0219i opinii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>S\u0103 le lu\u0103m pe r\u00e2nd. <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Tehnica \u201eimaginii du\u0219manului\u201d <\/strong>este utilizat\u0103 pentru a denigra oponen\u021bii de idei, adversarii politici sau concuren\u021bii de orice fel. Prin tehnica du\u0219manului ni se induce un sentiment de pericol \u0219i nelini\u0219te, deoarece ni se proiecteaz\u0103 o imagine exagerat\u0103 \u0219i adesea neveridic\u0103 a unei persoane, organiza\u021bii sau \u021b\u0103ri. La pachet cu aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103 vine, de cele mai multe ori, cea a \u201eSalvatorului na\u021bional\u201d. Este un instrument complementar: dup\u0103 ce \u00een ochii publicului du\u0219manii au fost identifica\u021bi, trebuie prezentat \u0219i un salvator capabil s\u0103 lupte cu ace\u0219tia \u0219i, eventual, s\u0103-i anihileze.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pe parcursul primelor 30 de minute din emisiunea \u201e\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439\u201d, \u00eengrijor\u0103rile \u021b\u0103rilor occidentale privind un eventual atac asupra Ucrainei sunt prezentate ca fiind rezultatul unei \u201eisterii politice\u201d. Iat\u0103 doar c\u00e2teva dintre formul\u0103rile utilizate pe parcursul edi\u021biei: \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YZookiQdVi0&amp;t=1s\">\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/a>: \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b\u201d <em>(din rus\u0103, \u201eLa limita isteriei: de ce SUA au dezvoltat un r\u0103zboi informa\u021bional)<\/em> \u00een jurul Ucrainei (RO) sau \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YZookiQdVi0&amp;t=1078s\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/a> \u0432 \u0414\u043e\u043d\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0415\u0421 \u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410\u201d <em>(\u201eUcraina concentreaz\u0103 \u00een Donbass armamentul trimis de \u021b\u0103rile UE \u0219i SUA\u201d)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Deci, partenerii occidentali sunt prezenta\u021bi \u00eentr-o lumin\u0103 negativ\u0103, fiind creiona\u021bi drept du\u0219mani.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Imediat dup\u0103 cele c\u00e2teva reportaje despre temerile Occidentului privind iminen\u021ba unui atac asupra Ucrainei, urmeaz\u0103 un amplu material dedicat \u00eent\u00e2lnirii dintre pre\u0219edintele Fran\u021bei, Emmanuel Macron, \u0219i pre\u0219edintele Federa\u021biei Ruse, Vladimir Putin. \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YZookiQdVi0&amp;t=1739s\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e<\/a> \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443 &#8211; \u0432\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u201d <em>(\u201ePentru Macron, aceast\u0103 vizit\u0103 este evident nu doar una de securitate, \u00een joc e \u00eentreaga lui carier\u0103 politic\u0103\u201d)<\/em>, afirm\u0103 jurnalista. Din reportaj reiese c\u0103 scopul primordial al vizitei pre\u0219edintelui Macron la Moscova e s\u0103 se pozi\u021bioneze ca un lider occidental care \u201ea reu\u0219it s\u0103 se \u00een\u021beleag\u0103\u201d cu Vladimir Putin, c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2nd astfel puncte electorale \u00een ajunul alegerilor preziden\u021biale din Fran\u021ba, ce vor avea loc \u00een prim\u0103vara acestui an. De la conferin\u021ba comun\u0103 a celor doi pre\u0219edin\u021bi este citat masiv Vladimir Putin, declara\u021biile lui l\u0103s\u00e2nd impresia c\u0103 liderul de la Kremlin este \u00eengrijorat de men\u021binerea stabilit\u0103\u021bii \u00een Europa. <em>\u201e\u00cenchipui\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 Ucraina este membr\u0103 NATO, asta ar \u00eenseamna c\u0103 se poate isca o confruntare \u00eentre Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103 \u0219i NATO. Noi, ce, trebuie s\u0103 lupt\u0103m cu NATO? Vre\u021bi ca Fran\u021ba s\u0103 lupte cu Rusia? P\u0103i, a\u0219a va fi! \u00cengrijorarea noastr\u0103 este dictat\u0103 \u0219i de chestiunile legate de men\u021binerea securit\u0103\u021bii europene\u201d<\/em>, afirm\u0103 liderul rus, prezentat \u00een acest caz ca un salvator na\u021bional.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Etichetarea, sugestia \u0219i amestecul dintre fapte \u0219i opinii.<\/strong> Aceste tehnici <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=g2qvFfUkURM&amp;list=PLAprorivKMGbqRMJd7RlTwfLDVv-Xgrtn&amp;index=4\">le identific\u0103m<\/a> atunci c\u00e2nd unei persoane, unui eveniment sau unui fapt despre care ni se vorbe\u0219te \u00een \u0219tiri i se dau caracteriz\u0103ri subiective. Poate fi vorba de un cuv\u00e2nt sau o expresie \u201elipite\u201d pe cineva sau ceva. De regul\u0103, eticheta eviden\u021biaz\u0103 un anumit detaliu, de cele mai multe ori negativ \u0219i atrage aten\u021bia telespectatorului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen emisiunea \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=lgrIFb_v4Fw\">\u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c<\/a>\u201d, retransmis\u0103 de RTR Moldova, la fel se relateaz\u0103 despre vizita lui Emmanuel Macron la Moscova. La adresa pre\u0219edintelui francez sunt utilizate etichet\u0103ri ce \u00eel pun \u00eentr-o lumin\u0103 nefavorabil\u0103. Bun\u0103oar\u0103, jurnalistul Dmitri Kiseliov afirm\u0103: \u201eT\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u041d\u0410\u0422\u041e \u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u041f\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430\u043c\u201d. \u00cen traducere din rus\u0103, ar \u00eensemna c\u0103 pre\u0219edintele Vladimir Putin a fost nevoit s\u0103-i explice omologului s\u0103u francez \u201epractic pe degete\u201d cum trebuie organizat\u0103 arhitectura global\u0103 de securitate. Utilizarea acestei sugestii \u00eel prezint\u0103 pe pre\u0219edintele Emmanuel Macron ca fiind inferior lui Vladimir Putin.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O etichetare similar\u0103 a fost utilizat\u0103 \u0219i la adresa ministrei de Externe a Marii Britanii, Liz Truss, care joi, 10 februarie, s-a deplasat la Moscova pentru o \u00eent\u00e2lnire cu omologul s\u0103u rus Serghei Lavrov. Comentariul s-a axat mai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/europe\/kremlin-cites-truss-error-evidence-west-doesnt-understand-ukraine-conflict-2022-02-11\/\">ales pe eroarea<\/a> comis\u0103 de \u0219efa diploma\u021biei britanice care, \u00een timpul discu\u021biei cu Lavrov, ar fi spus c\u0103 regiunile Rostov \u0219i Voronej sunt regiuni ucrainene \u0219i nu ruse. Presa rus\u0103 a folosit pe larg acest incident pentru a discredita diploma\u021bia britanic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201e\u041d\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443: \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u0437 \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441, \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0439, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u201d <em>(\u201eC\u00e2teva observa\u021bii suplimentare: a venit la noi ministra de externe a Marii Britanii, Liz Truss, nepreg\u0103tit\u0103 \u0219i chiar nerespectuoas\u0103, nu poate \u00eentre\u021bine o conversa\u021bie, tr\u0103nc\u0103ne\u0219te ca un papagal, la \u00eentreb\u0103ri nu ofer\u0103 r\u0103spunsuri \u0219i, elementar, nu cunoa\u0219te geografia. Pentru ea, Rostov \u0219i Voronej [regiuni din Rusia n.a.] sunt teritorii ale Ucrainei, iar Rusia \u00een aceste regiuni e ocupant\u201d)<\/em>, a conchis jurnalistul.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Capcana imaginilor video.<\/strong> Aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103 a manipul\u0103rii <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=L6D-wS-3PD0&amp;list=PLAprori\">este utilizat\u0103<\/a> prin intermediul imaginilor video. Este un truc ce const\u0103 \u00een utilizarea secven\u021belor video \u00een care apar oameni, locuri, lucruri, cuvinte astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, combinate cu textul materialului jurnalistic, acestea fie s\u0103 confirme afirma\u021biile autorului, fie s\u0103 fac\u0103 o asociere &#8211; pozitiv\u0103 sau negativ\u0103 &#8211; dintre imagine \u0219i un text nespus, fie s\u0103 induc\u0103 \u00een eroare prin efectul de amplificare sau de diminuare a propor\u021biilor unui eveniment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17310\" src=\"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/POZA-1.-Ministrului-ucrainean-de-Externe-Dmitro-Kuleba-in-emisiunea-\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438-\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438-\u0441-\u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439-\u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"849\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/POZA-1.-Ministrului-ucrainean-de-Externe-Dmitro-Kuleba-in-emisiunea-\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438-\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438-\u0441-\u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439-\u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439.jpg 849w, https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/POZA-1.-Ministrului-ucrainean-de-Externe-Dmitro-Kuleba-in-emisiunea-\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438-\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438-\u0441-\u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439-\u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439-350x176.jpg 350w, https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/POZA-1.-Ministrului-ucrainean-de-Externe-Dmitro-Kuleba-in-emisiunea-\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438-\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438-\u0441-\u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439-\u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439-150x75.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 849px) 100vw, 849px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pe parcursul celor dou\u0103 emisiuni analizate, aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103 este utilizat\u0103 masiv. Bun\u0103oar\u0103, \u00een edi\u021bia \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YZookiQdVi0\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/a>\u201d, atunci c\u00e2nd se vorbe\u0219te despre solicitarea ministrului de Externe al Ucrainei, Dmitro Kuleba, privind oferirea de \u201eexplica\u021bii detaliate\u201d despre activit\u0103\u021bile militare ruse din apropierea teritoriului Ucrainei, \u00een baza a\u0219a-numitului document de la Viena al OSCE din 2011, pe ecran este proiectat\u0103 o fotografie a \u0219efului diploma\u021biei de la Kiev sc\u0103rpin\u00e2ndu-se la ceaf\u0103. Imaginea este una sugestiv\u0103, a c\u0103rei menire e s\u0103-l pun\u0103 pe Dmitro Kuleba \u00eentr-o lumin\u0103 negativ\u0103 &#8211; cea a unui politician nesigur \u0219i prea pu\u021bin conving\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17311\" src=\"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colaj.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colaj.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colaj-350x197.jpg 350w, https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colaj-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/Colaj-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen emisiunea \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=lgrIFb_v4Fw\">\u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c<\/a>\u201d este prezentat un reportaj \u00een care sunt pu\u0219i \u201e\u00een oglind\u0103\u201d voluntarul Ivan din Done\u021bk, regiunea separatist\u0103 Donbas, sprijinit\u0103 de Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103, care este gata s\u0103-\u0219i sacrifice propria via\u021b\u0103 pentru \u201ea-\u0219i ap\u0103ra copiii, mama \u0219i familia\u201d \u0219i voluntarii ucraineni, prezenta\u021bi ca \u201ena\u021bionali\u0219ti din Kiev\u201d, isterici, gata s\u0103 dea foc Donbasului dac\u0103 ar avea posibilitatea. Imediat, urmeaz\u0103 un alt reportaj dedicat a\u0219a-numitei \u201eagresiuni ucrainene asupra Donbasului\u201d, unde se vorbe\u0219te despre zeci de victime disp\u0103rute de la \u00eenceputul conflictului din estul Ucrainei. A\u0219a cum au fost prezentate cele dou\u0103 materiale, se induce senza\u021bia c\u0103 Ucraina ar preg\u0103ti un m\u0103cel \u00een Donbas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Concluzie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cele dou\u0103 emisiuni retransmise de posturile RTR Moldova \u0219i NTV Moldova nu pot fi considerate ca fiind informative \u0219i echidistante \u00een ce prive\u0219te relatarea despre criza din estul Ucrainei \u0219i negocierile ruso-occidentale. Materialele abund\u0103 \u00een etichet\u0103ri, sugestii, afirma\u021bii favorabile Federa\u021biei Ruse, sunt cita\u021bi comentatori pro-ru\u0219i, iar pozi\u021bia Occidentului lipse\u0219te. Absen\u021ba echilibrului \u00een citarea surselor ar trebui s\u0103 pun\u0103 \u00een gard\u0103 telespectatorii \u0219i s\u0103-i determine s\u0103 priveasc\u0103 cu ochi critici informa\u021biile livrate de jurnali\u0219tii celor dou\u0103 posturi de televiziune.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Portalul Mediacritica<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Materialul a fost realizat\u00a0\u00een cadrul proiectului \u201eCombaterea propagandei \u0219i a manipul\u0103rii prin instrumente de educa\u021bie media\u201d, implementat de\u00a0Centrul pentru Jurnalism Independent, \u00een perioada noiembrie 2021 \u2013noiembrie 2022, cu sprijinul organiza\u021biei Black Sea Trust, un proiect al Fondului German Marshall al Statelor Unite. Opiniile exprimate \u00een acest material nu le reprezint\u0103 neap\u0103rat pe cele ale Black Sea Trust sau ale partenerilor s\u0103i.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comunitatea interna\u021bional\u0103 a fost \u0219i este \u00een ultimele s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni cu ochii \u00eendrepta\u021bi spre Ucraina. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd din cauza \u00eengrijor\u0103rilor legate de un eventual atac al Federa\u021biei Ruse asupra \u021b\u0103rii vecine. Autorit\u0103\u021bile de la Moscova au concentrat masiv trupe la grani\u021bele cu Ucraina, sporind astfel temerile legate de o posibil\u0103 invazie. Rusia, prin vocea pre\u0219edintelui<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/ro\/criza-din-ucraina-vazuta-prin-lentilele-ntv-si-rtr\/\" title=\"Mai mult\">Mai mult<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":17312,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v14.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/old.mediacritica.md\/criza-din-ucraina-vazuta-prin-lentilele-ntv-si-rtr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Criza din Ucraina, v\u0103zut\u0103 prin lentilele NTV \u0219i RTR - Mediacritica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Comunitatea interna\u021bional\u0103 a fost \u0219i este \u00een ultimele s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni cu ochii \u00eendrepta\u021bi spre Ucraina. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd din cauza \u00eengrijor\u0103rilor legate de un eventual atac al Federa\u021biei Ruse asupra \u021b\u0103rii vecine. 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